Countering the People's Republic of China Military Civil Fusion (MCF) Strategy and Balancing Risks and Rewards of Emerging Technologies with WMD Applications

The Office of Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR), part of the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation (ISN), sponsors foreign assistance activities funded by the Nonproliferation, Anti-terrorism, Demining and Related Programs (NADR) account, and focuses on mitigating weapons of mass destruction (WMD), related delivery systems, and advanced conventional weapons proliferation and security threats from proliferator states and non-state actors. This NOFO covers four ISN/CTR lines of effort: 1. Countering the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) efforts to licitly and illicitly transfer WMD-applicable advanced and converging technologies to its military as part of its Military-Civil Fusion (MCF) strategy. 2. Countering misuse of emerging technologies with potential WMD and WMD-related delivery systems applications by state and non-State actors, and leveraging emerging technologies to safeguard WMD-related data and materials. 3. Enhancing the capacity of higher education institutions outside the United States to prevent the transfer of sensitive WMD and military-applicable technology to the PRC as part of its MCF strategy. An underlying aim of all of ISN/CTR’s efforts is long-term sustainability to maximize programmatic impact while minimizing the need for foreign partners to rely on outside financial or technical assistance.